Native function that gives sequential sub-sequences of a list?

Take[{a, b, c, d}, #] & /@ Range[4]

(* {{a}, {a, b}, {a, b, c}, {a, b, c, d}} *)

Another possibility:

Reverse @ NestList[Most, {a,b,c,d}, 3]

{{a}, {a, b}, {a, b, c}, {a, b, c, d}}

ReplaceList[{a, b, c, d}, {x__, ___} :> {x}]

{{a}, {a, b}, {a, b, c}, {a, b, c, d}}

Table[{a, b, c, d}[[;; i]], {i, 4}]

{{a}, {a, b}, {a, b, c}, {a, b, c, d}}

{a, b, c, d}[[;; #]] & /@ Range@4

{{a}, {a, b}, {a, b, c}, {a, b, c, d}}

Partition[{a, b, c, d}, 4, 1, -1, {}]

{{a}, {a, b}, {a, b, c}, {a, b, c, d}}

Extract[{a, b, c, d}, List /@ Range @ Range @ 4]

{{a}, {a, b}, {a, b, c}, {a, b, c, d}}