Normalizer of a Sylow 2-subgroups of dihedral groups
There are $n=2^{a−1}k$ elements of $D_{2n}$ lying outside of the cyclic subgroup $\langle r \rangle$, all of order 2. (These are usually called reflections.) Each such reflection is contained in at least one Sylow $2$-subgroup. A Sylow $2$-subgroup has order $2^a$ and contains $2^{a-1}$ reflections. So there must be at least $k$ Sylow $2$2-subgroups.
But a Sylow $2$-subgroup has index $k$, so there at most $k$ Sylow $2$-subgroups. Hence there are exactly $k$, and each reflection is contained in exactly one Sylow $2$-subgroup.