alphanumeric spaces in codeigniter code example

Example 1: codeigniter form_validation email

$this->form_validation->set_rules('email', 'Email', 'trim|required|valid_email');

Example 2: form validation input inside api codeigniter

$this->form_validation->set_rules('user_api_key', 'User Api Id', 'trim|required');

if ($this->form_validation->run() == FALSE) {
  $data = strip_tags($this->form_validation->error_string());
  return $this->json_out($data, 0, $code = 'form_validation_error', $msg = 'Some Fields are required');
}