how to replace %20 with space from variable in php code example

Example 1: php replace space with 20

//Replace space with %20 for url to understand
$new = str_replace(' ', '%20', $your_string);

//Alternate for URL use, use this
urlencode ( string $str )

Example 2: php string replace space

$journalName = preg_replace('/\s+/', '_', $journalName);