PHP if shorthand

Nope. However, the opposite is possible. Here's a quote from the PHP docs:

Since PHP 5.3, it is possible to leave out the middle part of the ternary operator. Expression expr1 ?: expr3 returns expr1 if expr1 evaluates to TRUE, and expr3 otherwise.

http://php.net/manual/en/language.operators.comparison.php

No... ternary means three parts you need the condition, the true part, and the false part