PhpStorm can not parse PHPUnit version output. Very strange error

WI-35806 -- seems the same. It was marked as fixed today.

If that's the right ticket then the fix should be available in 2017.1.2 -- you may try EAP build when it will become available if you cannot wait until 2017.1.2 final will be officially released.

If you get a similar bug when setting up PHPUnit with Docker, then it could also be because of bad volume bindings.

In the following preferences screen, click on the folder icon to Edit Docker Container Settings, then edit the Volume bindings.