Play VLC stream without interface
For playing vlc in the command line without launching a ui, it looks like this page has what you need.
Specifically, I think you want this command:
vlc --intf dummy vcd://
This specifies a dummy interface that never acually launches anything. I can't test this because I am away from my linux box right now, but here's the full command I think you're looking for:
vlc --intf dummy <stream>
To use vlc without interface, I just use this command:
cvlc stream