Private static functions in javascript
You may want to consider using the Yahoo Module Pattern. This is a singleton pattern, and the methods are not really static, but it may be what you are looking for:
var obj = (function () {
//"private" variables:
var myPrivateVar = "I can be accessed only from within obj.";
//"private" method:
var myPrivateMethod = function () {
console.log("I can be accessed only from within obj");
};
return {
myPublicVar: "I'm accessible as obj.myPublicVar",
myPublicMethod: function () {
console.log("I'm accessible as obj.myPublicMethod");
//Within obj, I can access "private" vars and methods:
console.log(myPrivateVar);
console.log(myPrivateMethod());
}
};
})();
You define your private members where myPrivateVar
and myPrivateMethod
are defined, and your public members where myPublicVar
and myPublicMethod
are defined.
You can simply access the public methods and properties as follows:
obj.myPublicMethod(); // Works
obj.myPublicVar; // Works
obj.myPrivateMethod(); // Doesn't work - private
obj.myPrivateVar; // Doesn't work - private
The simple answer is that you can't do both. You can create "private"
methods or "static"
methods, but you can't create Private static functions as in other languages.
The way you can emulate privacy is closure:
function f() {
function inner(){}
return {
publicFn: function() {},
publicFn2: function() {}
}
}
Here because of closure, the inner
function will be created every time you call f
, and the public functions can acces this inner
function, but for the outside world inner
will be hidden.
The way you create static methods of an object is simple:
function f() {}
f.staticVar = 5;
f.staticFn = function() {};
// or
f.prototype.staticFn = function() {};
Here the function object f
will only have one staticFn
which has access to static variables, but nothing from the instances.
Please note that the prototype
version will be inherited while the first one won't.
So you either make a private method that is not accessing anything from the instances, or you make a static method which you doesn't try to access from the outside.
You can use a closure, something along the lines of....
var construct = function() {
var obj = {};
var method1 = function() {
alert("method1");
}
obj.method2 = function() {
alert("method2...");
method1();
}
return obj;
}
obj = construct();
Then:
obj.method2
is accessible, but obj.method1
doesn't exist for public usage. It can be only accessed using member functions of the class.
Objects can be produced by constructors, which are functions which initialize objects. Constructors provide the features that classes provide in other languages, including static variables and methods.
Read all about it at http://www.crockford.com/javascript/private.html