Remotely starting a screen session through ssh and closing the ssh session immediately

You can use -d -m to your screen session to do it like:

ssh myuser@hostname screen -d -m "python somepath.py -s 'potato'"

That will create a new screen session, run your command in it and automatically detach you from it.

That option is documented as

-d -m
Start screen in detached mode. This creates a new session but doesn't attach to it. This is useful for system startup scripts.

on the GNU documentation page for screen