Spring Test returning 401 for unsecured URLs

I had the same problem and solve the issue with the help of the answers here and @Sam Brannen comment.

You probably don't need to use @ContextConfiguration. Simply adding @Import(SecurityConfig.class) should typically suffice.

To simplify and update the answers a bit more I want to share how i fix it in my spring-boot2 project.

I want to test below endpoint.

@RestController
@Slf4j
public class SystemOptionController {

  private final SystemOptionService systemOptionService;
  private final SystemOptionMapper systemOptionMapper;

  public SystemOptionController(
      SystemOptionService systemOptionService, SystemOptionMapper systemOptionMapper) {
    this.systemOptionService = systemOptionService;
    this.systemOptionMapper = systemOptionMapper;
  }

  @PostMapping(value = "/systemoption")
  public SystemOptionDto create(@RequestBody SystemOptionRequest systemOptionRequest) {
    SystemOption systemOption =
        systemOptionService.save(
            systemOptionRequest.getOptionKey(), systemOptionRequest.getOptionValue());
    SystemOptionDto dto = systemOptionMapper.mapToSystemOptionDto(systemOption);
    return dto;
  }
}

All service methods must be interface otherwise application context can't be initialized. You can check my SecurityConfig.

@Configuration
@EnableWebSecurity
@EnableResourceServer
@EnableGlobalMethodSecurity(securedEnabled = true)
public class SecurityConfig extends ResourceServerConfigurerAdapter {

    @Autowired
    private ResourceServerTokenServices resourceServerTokenServices;

    @Override
    public void configure(final HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
        if (Application.isDev()) {
            http.csrf().disable().authorizeRequests().anyRequest().permitAll();
        } else {
            http
                    .sessionManagement().sessionCreationPolicy(SessionCreationPolicy.STATELESS)
                    .and()
                    .authorizeRequests().regexMatchers("/health").permitAll()
                .antMatchers("/prometheus").permitAll()
                .anyRequest().authenticated()
                    .and()
                    .authorizeRequests()
                    .anyRequest()
                    .permitAll();
            http.csrf().disable();
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void configure(final ResourceServerSecurityConfigurer resources) {
        resources.tokenServices(resourceServerTokenServices);
    }
}

And below you can see my SystemOptionControllerTest class.

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@WebMvcTest(value = SystemOptionController.class)
@Import(SecurityConfig.class)
public class SystemOptionControllerTest {

  @Autowired private ObjectMapper mapper;

  @MockBean private SystemOptionService systemOptionService;
  @MockBean private SystemOptionMapper systemOptionMapper;
  @MockBean private ResourceServerTokenServices resourceServerTokenServices;

  private static final String OPTION_KEY = "OPTION_KEY";
  private static final String OPTION_VALUE = "OPTION_VALUE";

  @Autowired private MockMvc mockMvc;

  @Test
  public void createSystemOptionIfParametersAreValid() throws Exception {
    // given

    SystemOption systemOption =
        SystemOption.builder().optionKey(OPTION_KEY).optionValue(OPTION_VALUE).build();

    SystemOptionDto systemOptionDto =
        SystemOptionDto.builder().optionKey(OPTION_KEY).optionValue(OPTION_VALUE).build();

    SystemOptionRequest systemOptionRequest = new SystemOptionRequest();
    systemOptionRequest.setOptionKey(OPTION_KEY);
    systemOptionRequest.setOptionValue(OPTION_VALUE);
    String json = mapper.writeValueAsString(systemOptionRequest);

    // when
    when(systemOptionService.save(
            systemOptionRequest.getOptionKey(), systemOptionRequest.getOptionValue()))
        .thenReturn(systemOption);
    when(systemOptionMapper.mapToSystemOptionDto(systemOption)).thenReturn(systemOptionDto);

    // then
    this.mockMvc
        .perform(
            post("/systemoption")
                .contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
                .content(json)
                .accept(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON))
        .andDo(print())
        .andExpect(MockMvcResultMatchers.status().isOk())
        .andExpect(content().string(containsString(OPTION_KEY)))
        .andExpect(content().string(containsString(OPTION_VALUE)));
  }
}

So I just need to add @Import(SecurityConfig.class) to my mvc test class.

I found the answer
Spring docs says that:

@WebMvcTest will auto-configure the Spring MVC infrastructure and limit scanned beans to @Controller, @ControllerAdvice, @JsonComponent, Filter, WebMvcConfigurer and HandlerMethodArgumentResolver. Regular @Component beans will not be scanned when using this annotation.

And according to this issue in github:

https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/issues/5476

The @WebMvcTest by default auto configure spring security if spring-security-test is present in the class path (which in my case is).

So since WebSecurityConfigurer classes aren't picked, the default security was being auto configured, that is the motive I was receiving the 401 in url's that was not secured in my security configuration. Spring security default auto configuration protects all url's with basic authentication.

What I did to solve the problem was to annotate the class with @ContextConfiguration, and @MockBean like it is described in the documentation:

Often @WebMvcTest will be limited to a single controller and used in combination with @MockBean to provide mock implementations for required collaborators.

And here is the test class

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@WebMvcTest
@ContextConfiguration(classes={Application.class, MvcConfig.class, SecurityConfig.class})
public class ITIndex {

    @Autowired
    WebApplicationContext context;

    MockMvc mockMvc;

    @MockBean
    UserRegistrationApplicationService userRegistrationApplicationService;

    @MockBean
    UserDetailsService userDetailsService;

    @Before
    public void setUp() {
        this.mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders
                        .webAppContextSetup(context)
                        .apply(springSecurity())
                        .build();
    }

    @Test
    public void should_render_index() throws Exception {
        mockMvc.perform(get("/"))
            .andExpect(status().isOk())
            .andExpect(view().name("index"))
            .andExpect(content().string(containsString("Login")));
    }
}

Application, MvcConfig and SecurityConfig are all my configuration classes

Not sure if this was available when the original question was asked, but if truly not wanting to test the security portion of a web request (which seems reasonable if the endpoint is known to be unsecure), then I think this could be done simply by using the secure attribute of the @WebMvcTest annotation (it defaults to true so setting it to false should disable the auto-configuration of Spring Security's MockMvc support):

@WebMvcTest(secure = false)

More info available in the javadocs