what happens when you encrypt an empty string code example

Example 1: How do you detect whether or not a word is a palindrome in javascript

function palindrome(str) {
 // Step 1. The first part is the same as earlier
 var re = /[^A-Za-z0-9]/g; // or var re = /[\W_]/g;
 str = str.toLowerCase().replace(re, '');

 // Step 2. Create the FOR loop
 var len = str.length; // var len = "A man, a plan, a canal. Panama".length = 30
 
 for (var i = 0; i < len/2; i++) {
   if (str[i] !== str[len - 1 - i]) { // As long as the characters from each part match, the FOR loop will go on
       return false; // When the characters don't match anymore, false is returned and we exit the FOR loop
   }
   /* Here len/2 = 15
      For each iteration: i = ?    i < len/2    i++    if(str[i] !== str[len - 1 - i])?
      1st iteration:        0        yes         1     if(str[0] !== str[15 - 1 - 0])? => if("a"  !==  "a")? // false
      2nd iteration:        1        yes         2     if(str[1] !== str[15 - 1 - 1])? => if("m"  !==  "m")? // false      
      3rd iteration:        2        yes         3     if(str[2] !== str[15 - 1 - 2])? => if("a"  !==  "a")? // false  
      4th iteration:        3        yes         4     if(str[3] !== str[15 - 1 - 3])? => if("n"  !==  "n")? // false  
      5th iteration:        4        yes         5     if(str[4] !== str[15 - 1 - 4])? => if("a"  !==  "a")? // false
      6th iteration:        5        yes         6     if(str[5] !== str[15 - 1 - 5])? => if("p"  !==  "p")? // false
      7th iteration:        6        yes         7     if(str[6] !== str[15 - 1 - 6])? => if("l"  !==  "l")? // false
      8th iteration:        7        yes         8     if(str[7] !== str[15 - 1 - 7])? => if("a"  !==  "a")? // false
      9th iteration:        8        yes         9     if(str[8] !== str[15 - 1 - 8])? => if("n"  !==  "n")? // false
     10th iteration:        9        yes        10     if(str[9] !== str[15 - 1 - 9])? => if("a"  !==  "a")? // false
     11th iteration:       10        yes        11    if(str[10] !== str[15 - 1 - 10])? => if("c" !==  "c")? // false
     12th iteration:       11        yes        12    if(str[11] !== str[15 - 1 - 11])? => if("a" !==  "a")? // false
     13th iteration:       12        yes        13    if(str[12] !== str[15 - 1 - 12])? => if("n" !==  "n")? // false
     14th iteration:       13        yes        14    if(str[13] !== str[15 - 1 - 13])? => if("a" !==  "a")? // false
     15th iteration:       14        yes        15    if(str[14] !== str[15 - 1 - 14])? => if("l" !==  "l")? // false
     16th iteration:       15        no               
    End of the FOR Loop*/
 }
 return true; // Both parts are strictly equal, it returns true => The string is a palindrome
}

palindrome("A man, a plan, a canal. Panama");

Example 2: How do you detect whether or not a word is a palindrome in javascript

function palindrome(str) {
  // Step 1. Lowercase the string and use the RegExp to remove unwanted characters from it
  var re = /[\W_]/g; // or var re = /[^A-Za-z0-9]/g;
  
  var lowRegStr = str.toLowerCase().replace(re, '');
  // str.toLowerCase() = "A man, a plan, a canal. Panama".toLowerCase() = "a man, a plan, a canal. panama"
  // str.replace(/[\W_]/g, '') = "a man, a plan, a canal. panama".replace(/[\W_]/g, '') = "amanaplanacanalpanama"
  // var lowRegStr = "amanaplanacanalpanama";
     
  // Step 2. Use the same chaining methods with built-in functions from the previous article 'Three Ways to Reverse a String in JavaScript'
  var reverseStr = lowRegStr.split('').reverse().join(''); 
  // lowRegStr.split('') = "amanaplanacanalpanama".split('') = ["a", "m", "a", "n", "a", "p", "l", "a", "n", "a", "c", "a", "n", "a", "l", "p", "a", "n", "a", "m", "a"]
  // ["a", "m", "a", "n", "a", "p", "l", "a", "n", "a", "c", "a", "n", "a", "l", "p", "a", "n", "a", "m", "a"].reverse() = ["a", "m", "a", "n", "a", "p", "l", "a", "n", "a", "c", "a", "n", "a", "l", "p", "a", "n", "a", "m", "a"]
  // ["a", "m", "a", "n", "a", "p", "l", "a", "n", "a", "c", "a", "n", "a", "l", "p", "a", "n", "a", "m", "a"].join('') = "amanaplanacanalpanama"
  // So, "amanaplanacanalpanama".split('').reverse().join('') = "amanaplanacanalpanama";
  // And, var reverseStr = "amanaplanacanalpanama";
   
  // Step 3. Check if reverseStr is strictly equals to lowRegStr and return a Boolean
  return reverseStr === lowRegStr; // "amanaplanacanalpanama" === "amanaplanacanalpanama"? => true
}
 
palindrome("A man, a plan, a canal. Panama");