UML ternary association
This unspecific ternary association just tells that you have relations where
Market
controlsDepartment
-Product
,Department
controlsMarket
-Product
andProduct
controlsDepartment
-Market
.
There is no statement as to how the single classes control the other two.
The UML specs is not defining the ternary operator in detail. So using that element seems to be on your own risk. You could blame OMG for using but not defining it more than
Any Association may be drawn as a diamond (larger than a terminator on a line) with a solid line for each Association memberEnd connecting the diamond to the Classifier that is the end’s type. An Association with more than two ends can only be drawn this way.
and a single example in a picture on p. 202.
The simple association class
tells you that the Product
is in between Department
and Market
where the multiplicity 1
tells that there's only one Market
for a Department
. That's more what your requirement sounds like.
N.B. It does not make much sense to split hairs regarding the requirements, so as "is there a Product
without a Market
". Those are details which need to be discussed with domain specialists before being fixed in a model.
The model in the answer of Geert Bellekens is correct, but his explananation is confusing. The ternary association "Offering" with its multiplicities (cardinality constraints) cannot be explained by the statement
For any given Offering there must be exactly one market, one department and one or more products
but rather by stating that
a combination of department and product is linked to exactly one market a combination of market and product is linked to exactly one department
There seems to be some ambiguity in the specification of multiplicities on ternary associations. See also this paper
But I understand it like this:
The multiplicity says something about how many times an instance may be present in this associations for any given tuple of linked instances.
As an example, consider the following (traditional) family
I would understand that as
In any given family there must be one father, one mother and zero or more children.
If we apply that to your case then I come to something like this:
I understand that as
For any given Offering there must be exactly one market, one department and one or more products
That seems to satisfy more or less all of your constraints
- A Product can only be offered to one market by one department
- A Department can offer multiple products, but one product can only be offered to one market
I don't think it's waterproof though, but as the paper already stated, UML does not have enough tools to make a waterproof design with the multiplicities on the ends alone. So for good measure, your constraints should also be modeled as UML constraints.
Disclaimer: Ternary associations are really nice for academical discussions, but are not really used in the (IT) industry, probably because they are so hard to understand.