WebApplicationContext doesn't autowire

There is no WebApplicationContext only an ApplicationContext unless you add the @WebAppConfiguration to your test class.

@ContextConfiguration(locations = { "classpath:/test/BeanConfig.xml" })
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@WebAppConfiguration
public class CandidateControllerTest { ... }

Instead of the @RunWith annotation you can also extend one of springs convenience classes.

@ContextConfiguration(locations = { "classpath:/test/BeanConfig.xml" })
@WebAppConfiguration
public class CandidateControllerTest extends AbstractJUnit4SpringContextTests { ... }

Links

1. WebAppConfiguration javadoc
2. Reference Guide

I had the same issue using TestNG & Mockito.

Turns out wac isn't autowired and available in @BeforeTest methods but is in @Test methods.

I moved this

mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.webApplicationContextSetup(wac).build();

to an @Test method and presto, it works!

Here's the link I found with the solution: http://forum.spring.io/forum/spring-projects/web/737624-problem-with-autowiring-webapplicationcontext-with-annotationconfigcontextloader

WebApplicationContext is required and NullPointerException are the most confusing errors I faced as beginner to TestNG and Spring Test Framework. These are happened due to simple mistakes like forget to `extends AbstractTestNGSpringContextTests1 etc. To avoid those errors I'll give you the code template I use.

@Test
@WebAppConfiguration
@ContextConfiguration(classes = WebConfig.class) //You can use your xml too
public class YourControllerTest extends AbstractTestNGSpringContextTests {
    @Autowired
    private WebApplicationContext wac;

    private MockMvc mockMvc;


    @Test
    public void getEmailVerificationTest() throws Exception {
        this.mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.webAppContextSetup(this.wac).build();

        this.mockMvc.perform(get("/home")
                .accept(MediaType.ALL))
                .andExpect(status().isOk())
                .andExpect(view().name("home/index"));
    }
}

This is sample code to test home page. If you are Beginner, an error occur such as I mentioned above, first check whether extends AbstractTestNGSpringContextTests and this.mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.webAppContextSetup(this.wac).build(); are in the proper places.

Another thing is you can use @BeforeMethod annotation to stop repeating this.mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.webAppContextSetup(this.wac).build(); in each module. You should have add @BeforeMethod like Below.

    @BeforeMethod
    public void setWac(){
        this.mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.webAppContextSetup(this.wac).build();
    }