What is a good way to draw images using pygame?

This is a typical layout:

myimage = pygame.image.load("myimage.bmp")
imagerect = myimage.get_rect()

while 1:
    your_code_here

    screen.fill(black)
    screen.blit(myimage, imagerect)
    pygame.display.flip()

import pygame, sys, os
from pygame.locals import *
pygame.init()
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((100, 100))

player = pygame.image.load(os.path.join("player.png"))
player.convert()

while True:
    screen.blit(player, (10, 10))
    pygame.display.flip()

pygame.quit()

Loads the file player.png. Run this and it works perfectly. So hopefully you learn something.

After using blit or any other update on your drawing surface, you have to call pygame.display.flip() to actually update what is displayed.