What is abstraction and how do you achieve it code example

Example: where do you use abstraction in your project

I used in defining a common super class while writing POM layer of the framework
We usually create an abstract class named
BasePage to have all common members for every page written
in this class like getPageTitle().
Then each Page class (HomePage, LoginPage, DashboardPage
etc.) inherit from BasePage.
Sometimes one may need to change the behavior of methods
implemented in superclass. So, subclass has freedom to
override that method where we use polymorphism.
This is how we use Abstract class in real projects