what is extern in c code example

Example 1: what is the usage of extern in c

#include <stdio.h>
extern int x = 32;
int b = 8;
int main() {
   auto int a = 28;
   extern int b;
   printf("The value of auto variable : %d\n", a);
   printf("The value of extern variables x and b : %d,%d\n",x,b);
   x = 15;
   printf("The value of modified extern variable x : %d\n",x);
   return 0;
}

Example 2: when to use extern "C"

extern "C"{
   int printf(const char *format,...);
}
main() {
   printf("Hello World");
}