what is ^ in package.json code example

Example 1: package.json tilde vs caret

~version “Approximately equivalent to version”, will update you to all future patch versions, without incrementing the minor version. ~1.2.3 will use releases from 1.2.3 to <1.3.0.

^version “Compatible with version”, will update you to all future minor/patch versions, without incrementing the major version. ^2.3.4 will use releases from 2.3.4 to <3.0.0.

Example 2: package.json what is it for

Metadata that is specific to the project.  It contains a collection of any 
given project's dependencies.

A web application is used to identify the project and acts as a 
baseline for users and contributors to get information about the project.

Example 3: what is package.json in node

All npm packages contain a file, usually in the project root, called package. json - this file holds various metadata relevant to the project. This file is used to give information to npm that allows it to identify the project as well as handle the project's dependencies.

Example 4: what is package.json

metadata specific to the project
a web application, Node.js module, or even just a plain JavaScirpt library. 
identifies the project and acts as a baseline for users and contributors 
to get information about the project.
contains a collection of any given project's dependencies