What is the tenth superroot of $e$?
Assuming that the infinte tetraetion
$$ x^{x^{x^{....}}}=e $$
exists (which is indeed the case in the sense of a limit, see here for more detail), the limiting value is given by
$$ x_*^e=e $$
or
$$ x_*=e^{1/e}\approx1.44466786 $$
which should serve as an extremly good approximation for the solution of $$x\uparrow\uparrow10=e$$
Update:
The real value seems to be
$$x\approx 1.46396$$
so the relative error using the infinte approximation
is
$$ \frac{|x-x_*|}{x}\approx0.0131 $$
which is pretty awesome regarding the simplicity of this approximate solution
Considering that even $x^x=a$ doesn't come with a formula for $x$ either, I think it is not unreasonable to search for the result by traditionnal means like dichotomy, especially since the tetration is an increasing function in the considered interval.
Also since $x\uparrow\uparrow n=e$ imposes strong bounds on $x$ in $[1,2]$ as you stated else it would diverge quickly, we are somehow in the ideal range for the $pow$ function accuracy.
For large $n$, the infinite approximation given by tired would work fine, and for small $n$, it would not be a big deal for a computer to calculate $x\uparrow\uparrow n$ with required accuracy.