what is the use of root in css code example

Example 1: use of root in css

:root can be useful for declaring global CSS variables:
:root {
  --main-color: hotpink;
  --pane-padding: 5px 42px;
}

Example 2: :root css

/* Selects the root element of the document:
   <html> in the case of HTML
The :root CSS pseudo-class matches the root element of a tree representing the document. In HTML, 

:root represents the <html> 
element and is identical to the selector html, except that its specificity is higher.

*/
:root {
  background: yellow;
}

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