What regular expression features are supported by Solr edismax?

Regular expressions and (e)dismax are not really comparable. Dismax is meant to work directly with common end-user input, while regular expressions are not typical end-user input.

Also, matching regular-expression-like things with dismax depends largely on text analysis settings and schema design, not on dismax itself. With Solr you typically tailor the schema and text analysis to the concrete search need, possibly doing much of the work at index-time. Regular expressions are at odds with this and even with the basic structure of Lucene inverted indices.

Still, Lucene provides RegexQuery and the newer RegexpQuery. As far as I know, these are not integrated with Solr, but they could be. Start a new item in the Solr issue tracker and happy coding! :)

Keep in mind that regex queries will probably always be slow... but they could have acceptable performance in your case.

Version 4.0 of Lucene will support regex queries directly in the standard query parser using special syntax. I verified that it works on an instance of Solr I am running, built from the subversion trunk in February.

Jira ticket 2604 describes the extension of the standard query parser using special regex syntax, using forward slashes to delimit the regex, similar to syntax in Javascript. It seems to be using the underlying RegexpQuery parser.

So a brief example:

body:/[0-9]{5}/

will match on a five-digit zip code in the textual corpus I have indexed. But, oddly, body:/\d{5}/ did not work for me, and ^ failed as well.

The regex dialect would have to be Java's, but I'm not sure if everything in it works, since I have only done a cursory examination. One would probably have to look carefully at the RegexpQuery code to understand what works and what doesn't.