When to check for EINTR and repeat the function call?

Is your application event driven? (Meaning its main loop include select()/epoll_wait() call).

In an event driven application you can block all signals and only unblock them for the duration of pselect()/epoll_pwait() call. This way the rest of your code never have to deal with EINTR.

See sigaction : http://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/functions/sigaction.html

SA_RESTART
  This flag affects the behavior of interruptible functions; that is, those 
  specified to fail with errno set to EINTR. If set, and a function specified 
  as interruptible is interrupted by this signal, the function shall restart 
  and shall not fail with EINTR unless otherwise specified. If the flag is not 
  set, interruptible functions interrupted by this signal shall fail with errno 
  set to EINTR.

By default, you have the SA_RESTART behavior, so you don't have to worry about EINTR, if you don't play with signals.