Where can I find a list of recent updates from Microsoft?
Wouldn't Microsofts technet site be the place to look? I had a quick look here: https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/security/bulletin Although its broken down a bit into categories it should show you what you're asking for
Since Microsoft switched to rollup updates, here's the list:
Windows 7: https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/help/4009469/windows-7-sp1-windows-server-2008-r2-sp1-update-history
Windows 10: https://support.microsoft.com/en-au/help/4018124/windows-10-update-history
You can get a list of all security and non-security updates by date here: https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/kb/894199/en-us
Unfortunately, this appears to be gone now. But if you need older updates you can still view the historical version of the page via the Wayback Machine: https://web.archive.org/web/20160316134643/https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/kb/894199
That link points to the current year, and seems to update automatically. To view previous years, go down to the bottom and you'll find a list of links.
Joe's link to the Technet security centre focuses more on security updates; I'm not sure if it shows the non-security ones at all.