Where did my Visual Studio exception assistant go?

I've tried every solution suggested on this page, in vain. In my case, I tried uninstall and reinstall (yes, it was that annoying). And it still didn't solve the issue.

The only thing actually solved it, was unchecking "Enable unmanaged code debugging" from project properties => Debug:

:-)

You can also see this dialog if you have enabled Debuggers > Native Code in your project setting. If you turn it off it should work again.