Why does '/' have the inode 2?

Inode 0 is used as a NULL value to indicate that there is no inode.

Inode 1 is used to keep track of any bad blocks on the disk; it is essentially a hidden file containing the bad blocks. Those bad blocks which are recorded using e2fsck -c.

Inode 2 is used by the root directory, and indicates starting of filesystem inodes.

In ext4 the Inode 1 is used for bad blocks. The link below the the kernel site describes which Inode is used for what purpose.

https://ext4.wiki.kernel.org/index.php/Ext4_Disk_Layout#Special_inodes