why the a html element is not redirecting to a new webpage code example

Example 1: html redirect

<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html lang="en-US">
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <meta http-equiv="refresh" content="0; url=http://example.com">
        <script type="text/javascript">
            window.location.href = "http://example.com"
        </script>
        <title>Page Redirection</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <!-- Note: don't tell people to `click` the link, just tell them that it is a link. -->
        If you are not redirected automatically, follow this <a href='http://example.com'>link to example</a>.
    </body>
</html>

Example 2: html meta redirect to another page

<!-- [time] is the time to redirect. For immediate loading, you can set it to 0 -->
<meta http-equiv = "refresh" content = " time ; url = link"/>