Windows 10 - Can't launch programs via search bar
Okay, I've finally found a solution. To everyone who might need this in the future: the solution to this is to go to your privacy settings and enable background applications. You can turn all of the apps seperately, only the main switch has to be turned on.
Found here: https://answers.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/forum/windows_10-win_cortana/windows-10-creators-update-search-not-finding-apps/eaf70556-2344-474d-b633-e00140b0466d
This worked for me on my Acer TravelMate:
Go to C:\Users\User\AppData\Local\Packages\
Delete the folder \Microsoft.Windows.Cortana_cw5n1h2txyewy
If you cannot delete the folder, enter into the folder and delete as many as the sub folders as your system permits.
Logout from your account and login again.