Create and format exFAT partition from Linux

Yes, there is a project implementing exfat and the related utilities at relan/exfat.

To format a partition, use mkexfatfs / mkfs.exfat like with most filesystems, e.g.:

mkfs.exfat /dev/sdX1

As for creating the partition in the first place, this is the same as for any other filesystem. Create a partition in your favourite partition manager. If you have an MBR partition table, set the partition type to NTFS (that is, code 7).

Note, that some distributions only package the fuse module, so you may have to build it yourself.

The mkfs.exfat solution above works if a partition already exists on a drive, like a purchased USB pen drive. Use this link if you're starting from a bare disk:

Formatting a Universal Drive

On the command line, the process is as follows:

Use the lsblk command to find out which drive your usb stick is. (for example /dev/sdx)

lsblk

Then start parted and tell it which drive you want to perform operations on:

sudo parted /dev/sdx

In parted interactive mode type:

mklabel msdos

Now reboot. And after the reboot do:

sudo parted /dev/sdx

And in parted interactive mode type:

mkpart primary ext4 0% 100%

When the partition is created, press q to exit parted.

Now that the flash drive contains a partition, create an exFAT filesystem on the newly created partition (replacing the ext4 filesystem that only works on Linux):

sudo mkfs.exfat /dev/sdx1

Copy-pasted from https://forum.manjaro.org/t/how-to-format-a-usb-stick-so-that-it-is-usable-on-manjaro-windows-and-macos/3972

Personally, I skipped the "reboot" step. Instead, I pulled out the USB stick (sdb went away) and after reinserting it came up as sdd. If it wasn't obvious, with sdx1 the "x" could be any letter of the alphabet (usually it's a, b, c, d...) but it depends on your particular setup.