Does Model-View-Controller Play Nicely with Artificial Intelligence and Behavior Trees?

"Can you apply principles from MVC to principles from Artificial Intelligence (Behavior-Trees, Hierarchical State Machines, Nested States), like Games?"

Of course. 99.9% of the AI is purely in the Model. The Controller sends the inputs to it, the View is how you represent it on the screen to the user.

Now, if you want to start having the AI control something, you may end up nesting the concepts, and your game 'model' contains a Model for an entity, a Controller for the entity which is the AI sending commands to it, and a View for the entity which represents the perceptions of that entity that the Controller can work with. But that's a separate issue from whether it can 'play nicely'. MVC is about separating presentation and input from logic and state and that aspect doesn't care what the logic and state looks like.