Error with a Symfony query : Expected Literal, got '"'

String literals in SQL are denoted by single quotes ', not double quotes ", so you have to replace the " as string delimiters in your query by ':

$query = $em->createQueryBuilder()
            ->select('u.id, u.username, u.username_canonical, u.email, u.email_canonical, u.last_login, u.name, u.type, u.phone, u.site, u.agency, u.subtype, u.info, u.created_date,u.vip')
            ->from('ContrateAdminBundle:Fosuser', 'u')
            ->where('u.created_date BETWEEN \'${fromdateaccounts}\' AND \'{$todateaccounts}\'')                      
            ->getQuery();

Please use parameters. Accepted answer could generate SQL injections.

    ->where('u.something = ?1')
    ->setParameter(1, '')

You can also use Expr :

$queryBuilder = $em->createQueryBuilder();

...
->where($queryBuilder->expr()->between('u.created_date', $fromdateaccounts, $todateaccounts));