How do I connect to a websocket manually, with netcat/socat/telnet?
I think you want to modify the socket stream to translate \n (line feed) to CRLF (Carriage return & line feed). Doing info socat produces detailed information which includes this modifier:
crnl Converts the default line termination character NL ('\n', 0x0a)
to/from CRNL ("\r\n", 0x0d0a) when writing/reading on this chan-
nel (example). Note: socat simply strips all CR characters.
So I think you should be able to do this:
socat - TCP:echo.websocket.org:80,crnl
I'd like to add that my WebSocket tool websocat can help in debugging the WebSocket protocol, especially when combined with socat:
$ websocat - ws-c:sh-c:"socat -v -x - tcp:echo.websocket.org:80" --ws-c-uri ws://echo.websocket.org
> 2018/07/03 16:30:06.021658 length=157 from=0 to=156
47 45 54 20 2f 20 48 54 54 50 2f 31 2e 31 0d 0a GET / HTTP/1.1..
48 6f 73 74 3a 20 65 63 68 6f 2e 77 65 62 73 6f Host: echo.webso
63 6b 65 74 2e 6f 72 67 0d 0a cket.org..
43 6f 6e 6e 65 63 74 69 6f 6e 3a 20 55 70 67 72 Connection: Upgr
61 64 65 0d 0a ade..
55 70 67 72 61 64 65 3a 20 77 65 62 73 6f 63 6b Upgrade: websock
65 74 0d 0a et..
53 65 63 2d 57 65 62 53 6f 63 6b 65 74 2d 56 65 Sec-WebSocket-Ve
72 73 69 6f 6e 3a 20 31 33 0d 0a rsion: 13..
53 65 63 2d 57 65 62 53 6f 63 6b 65 74 2d 4b 65 Sec-WebSocket-Ke
79 3a 20 59 76 36 32 44 31 57 6d 7a 79 79 31 65 y: Yv62D1Wmzyy1e
69 6d 62 47 6d 68 69 61 67 3d 3d 0d 0a imbGmhiag==..
0d 0a ..
--
< 2018/07/03 16:30:06.164057 length=201 from=0 to=200
48 54 54 50 2f 31 2e 31 20 31 30 31 20 57 65 62 HTTP/1.1 101 Web
20 53 6f 63 6b 65 74 20 50 72 6f 74 6f 63 6f 6c Socket Protocol
20 48 61 6e 64 73 68 61 6b 65 0d 0a Handshake..
43 6f 6e 6e 65 63 74 69 6f 6e 3a 20 55 70 67 72 Connection: Upgr
61 64 65 0d 0a ade..
44 61 74 65 3a 20 54 75 65 2c 20 30 33 20 4a 75 Date: Tue, 03 Ju
6c 20 32 30 31 38 20 31 33 3a 31 35 3a 30 30 20 l 2018 13:15:00
47 4d 54 0d 0a GMT..
53 65 63 2d 57 65 62 53 6f 63 6b 65 74 2d 41 63 Sec-WebSocket-Ac
63 65 70 74 3a 20 55 56 6a 32 74 35 50 43 7a 62 cept: UVj2t5PCzb
58 49 32 52 4e 51 75 70 2f 71 48 31 63 5a 44 6e XI2RNQup/qH1cZDn
38 3d 0d 0a 8=..
53 65 72 76 65 72 3a 20 4b 61 61 7a 69 6e 67 20 Server: Kaazing
47 61 74 65 77 61 79 0d 0a Gateway..
55 70 67 72 61 64 65 3a 20 77 65 62 73 6f 63 6b Upgrade: websock
65 74 0d 0a et..
0d 0a ..
--
ABCDEF
> 2018/07/03 16:30:12.707919 length=13 from=157 to=169
82 87 40 57 f5 88 01 15 b6 cc 05 11 ff ..@W.........
--
< 2018/07/03 16:30:12.848398 length=9 from=201 to=209
82 07 41 42 43 44 45 46 0a ..ABCDEF.
--
ABCDEF
> 2018/07/03 16:30:14.528333 length=6 from=170 to=175
88 80 18 ec 05 a8 ......
--
< 2018/07/03 16:30:14.671629 length=2 from=210 to=211
88 00 ..
--
In case of failures with manually driven socat -v -x - TCP:echo.websocket.org:80,crnl (mentioned in the other answer), you can compare it with WebSocat-driven socat like in session depicted above.
Reverse (server) example with socat debug dump:
socat -v -x tcp-l:1234,fork,reuseaddr exec:'websocat -t ws-u\:stdio\: mirror\:'
Alternatively, here is a way to connect and read the stream from a wss secure websocket stream from the command line using solely core php.
php -r '$sock=stream_socket_client("tls://echo.websocket.org:443",$e,$n,30,STREAM_CLIENT_CONNECT,stream_context_create(null));if(!$sock){echo"[$n]$e".PHP_EOL;}else{fwrite($sock,"GET / HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: echo.websocket.org\r\nAccept: */*\r\nConnection: Upgrade\r\nUpgrade: websocket\r\nSec-WebSocket-Version: 13\r\nSec-WebSocket-Key: ".rand(0,999)."\r\n\r\n");while(!feof($sock)){var_dump(fgets($sock,2048));}}'
Other similar example, pulling from another wss server: (Do not get rekt)
php -r '$sock=stream_socket_client("tls://stream.binance.com:9443",$e,$n,30,STREAM_CLIENT_CONNECT,stream_context_create(null));if(!$sock){echo"[$n]$e".PHP_EOL;}else{fwrite($sock,"GET /stream?streams=btcusdt@kline_1m HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: stream.binance.com:9443\r\nAccept: */*\r\nConnection: Upgrade\r\nUpgrade: websocket\r\nSec-WebSocket-Version: 13\r\nSec-WebSocket-Key: ".rand(0,999)."\r\n\r\n");while(!feof($sock)){var_dump(explode(",",fgets($sock,512)));}}'