How to check if any value of a column is in a range (in between two values) in Pandas?

Use between to do this, it also supports whether the range values are included or not via inclusive arg:

In [130]:
s = pd.Series(np.random.randn(5))
s

Out[130]:
0   -0.160365
1    1.496937
2   -1.781216
3    0.088023
4    1.325742
dtype: float64

In [131]:
s.between(0,1)

Out[131]:
0    False
1    False
2    False
3     True
4    False
dtype: bool

You then call any on the above:

In [132]:
s.between(0,1).any()

Out[132]:
True

You can just have two conditions:

df[(x <= df['columnX']) & (df['columnX'] <= y)]

This line will select all rows in df where the condition is satisfied.