How to Check Status of Links in Bookmarks
This seems to be a pretty good extension for Firefox that does what you want. https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/bookmarks-checker/
It adds a small icon between the URL field and the search field in firefox. When you click it you can initiate a scan of all your bookmarks.
Description from addons.mozilla
Bookmarks Checker. Scan favorites for broken or dead links. Delete empty, and duplicate folders.
Check bookmarks for broken or dead/broken links.
Add bookmarks that you do not want to be scanned to ignore list.
Scans for 404 bookmarks, Time-out links or 403 favorites.
Scan for duplicate folders.
Scan for empty folders.
Scan in several threads.
Set timeout setting for bookmarks