How to Debug in Android Studio?

Breakpoints are toggled by clicking in the narrow column to the left of the code. You can also have conditional breakpoints, for example by right clicking the red spot I could enter someVariable > someOtherVariable. Other options include suspending the whole app, or just the thread that encountered the breakpoint.

Buttons going down the left

• Resume
• Pause
• Stop
• View breakpoints
• Mute breakpoints

Buttons across the top

• Show execution point
• Step over
• Step into
• Force step into
• Step out

The top left button in the debug window (the green triangle) is doing what you want. "Resume Program (F9)"