How to make the last column in WPF datagrid take all the left space, always?

Set the width for the data grid to "Auto". You're allowing the columns to resize correctly within the grid itself, but you've hard-wired the width to 200.

UPDATE: Base on @micas's comment, I may have misread. If that's the case, try using 100 for the left column's width and 100* for the right column (note the asterisk). This will default the width for the right column to 100 but allow it to resize to fill the grid.

I've just implemented this as an attached behavior. The problem is when you set the DataGrid's last column to *, it does resize to fit, but then all the auto-fitting of the other cells messes up. To resolve this, the attached behaviour does a manual auto-fit of other (non last) cells.

This also works when resizing the other columns - once loaded, you can resize and the last column will always fill. Note this behavior works once on the Loaded event

// Behavior usage: <DataGrid DataGridExtensions.LastColumnFill="True"/>
public class DataGridExtensions
{
    public static readonly DependencyProperty LastColumnFillProperty = DependencyProperty.RegisterAttached("LastColumnFill", typeof(bool), typeof(DataGridExtensions), new PropertyMetadata(default(bool), OnLastColumnFillChanged));

    public static void SetLastColumnFill(DataGrid element, bool value)
    {
        element.SetValue(LastColumnFillProperty, value);
    }

    public static bool GetLastColumnFill(DataGrid element)
    {
        return (bool)element.GetValue(LastColumnFillProperty);
    }

    private static void OnLastColumnFillChanged(DependencyObject d, DependencyPropertyChangedEventArgs e)
    {
        var dataGrid = d as DataGrid;
        if (dataGrid == null) return;

        dataGrid.Loaded -= OnDataGridLoaded;
        dataGrid.Loaded += OnDataGridLoaded;
    }        

    private static void OnDataGridLoaded(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
    {
        var dataGrid = sender as DataGrid;
        if (dataGrid == null) return;

        var lastColumn = dataGrid.Columns.LastOrDefault();
        if(lastColumn != null)
            lastColumn.Width = new DataGridLength(1, DataGridLengthUnitType.Star);

        // Autofit all other columns
        foreach (var column in dataGrid.Columns)
        {
            if (column == lastColumn) break;

            double beforeWidth = column.ActualWidth;
            column.Width = new DataGridLength(1, DataGridLengthUnitType.SizeToCells);
            double sizeCellsWidth = column.ActualWidth;
            column.Width = new DataGridLength(1, DataGridLengthUnitType.SizeToHeader);
            double sizeHeaderWidth = column.ActualWidth;
            column.MinWidth = Math.Max(beforeWidth, Math.Max(sizeCellsWidth, sizeHeaderWidth));
        }
    }
}

You can set a column width to star on code. In your constructor, add:

    Loaded += (s, e) => dataGrid1.Columns[3].Width =
new DataGridLength(1, DataGridLengthUnitType.Star);