How to use Pandoc image alignment to align two images in the same row?

You can try something like this:

![](tests/lalune.jpg)\ ![](tests/lalune.jpg)

This will give you two side-by-side images. You won't have a caption, though; pandoc only treats an image as a captioned figure if it is by itself in a paragraph.

Expanding on from John's answer, if you do want a single caption under two side by side figures, a 'hack' would be to do this:

![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/70/Example.png){width=60%}
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/70/Example.png){width=40%}
\begin{figure}[!h]
\caption{A single caption for the two subfigures}
\end{figure}

This results in one caption for two images placed side by side. You might need to tweak each individual image's width setting, or the !h caption placement specifier to get things looking like this:

I found this helpful because you don't have to download the picture off the internet as in a pure LaTeX \subfigure solution. I.e. just use pandoc markdown to get the image, and LaTeX to generate the caption.

If you want to go crazy, you can actually use the same idea above to make subfigure captions like so:

![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/70/Example.png){width=60%}
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/70/Example.png){width=40%}
\begin{figure}[!h]
\begin{subfigure}[t]{0.6\textwidth}
\caption{Caption for the left subfigure}
\end{subfigure}
\hfill
\begin{subfigure}[t]{0.4\textwidth}
\caption{Caption for the right subfigure}
\end{subfigure}
\caption{A single caption for the two subfigures}
\end{figure}

Edit 20180910:

You'll need to include the following packages in the pandoc YAML frontmatter/header:

header-includes: |
    \usepackage{caption}
    \usepackage{subcaption}