Creating gears in TikZ

You need to adapt the only line to draw the picture. The rotation here is 360/10. It's possible to modify the length of arcs, the type of teeth.

\documentclass[11pt]{scrartcl}
\usepackage{tikz}

\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}

\draw[thick]
\foreach \i in {1,2,...,10} {%
  [rotate=(\i-1)*36] 
 (0:2)  arc (0:18:2) {[rounded corners=2pt] -- ++(18: 0.3)  arc (18:36:2.3) } -- ++(36: -0.3) 
};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

enter image description here

update

How to modify :

  1. number of teeths : n

  2. radius intern circle r1

  3. radius extern circle r2

  4. rotation = 360/n

  5. first arc start angle =0 end angle= arc(0:a:r1)

  6. second arc start angle =a+b end angle=<360/n-b> arc(a+b:360/n-b:r2)

  7. line between arcs -- (a+b:r2)

  8. last line -- (360/n:r1)

    \begin{tikzpicture}
\draw[thick]
\foreach \i in {1,2,...,10} {%
   [rotate=(\i-1)*36]  (0:2)  arc (0:12:2) -- (18:2.4)  arc (18:30:2.4) --  (36:2)
 };
\end{tikzpicture}

enter image description here

With a macro

\documentclass[11pt]{scrartcl}
\usepackage{tikz}

% #1 number of teeths
% #2 radius intern
% #3 radius extern
% #4 angle from start to end of the first arc
% #5 angle to decale the second arc from the first 

\newcommand{\gear}[5]{%
\foreach \i in {1,...,#1} {%
  [rotate=(\i-1)*360/#1]  (0:#2)  arc (0:#4:#2) {[rounded corners=1.5pt]
             -- (#4+#5:#3)  arc (#4+#5:360/#1-#5:#3)} --  (360/#1:#2)
}}  


\begin{document}
 \begin{tikzpicture}
   \draw[thick] \gear{18}{2}{2.4}{10}{2};
 \end{tikzpicture}  
\end{document}

enter image description here

With a adjusted macro

...you can also use \draw[fill]

\documentclass[11pt]{scrartcl}
\usepackage{tikz}

% #1 number of teeths
% #2 radius intern
% #3 radius extern
% #4 angle from start to end of the first arc
% #5 angle to decale the second arc from the first
% #6 inner radius to cut off

\newcommand{\gear}[6]{%
  (0:#2)
  \foreach \i [evaluate=\i as \n using {\i-1)*360/#1}] in {1,...,#1}{%
    arc (\n:\n+#4:#2) {[rounded corners=1.5pt] -- (\n+#4+#5:#3)
    arc (\n+#4+#5:\n+360/#1-#5:#3)} --  (\n+360/#1:#2)
  }%
  (0,0) circle[radius=#6] 
}
\begin{document}
 \begin{tikzpicture}
   \fill[even odd rule] \gear{18}{2}{2.4}{10}{2}{1};
 \end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

enter image description here


voici une solution plus conforme à la représentation d'une roue dentée avec developpante de cercle il sufit de préciser le nombre de dents, le module, l'angle de pression pour obtenir le tracé j'ai malgré tout simplifié le tracé pour les cercles de tetes et de pied

here is a solution more in line with the representation of a gear with involute sufit it specify the number of teeth, module, pressure angle to get the lay I still simplified the plot for circle heads and feet

Attention: le script ci-dessous ne fonctionne qu'avec PGF 2.1, version pgf 3 à la suite

Warning : this first script run only with pgf2.1

\documentclass[11pt]{scrartcl}
\usepackage{tikz}

\newcommand{\gear}[3]{%
 \def\modu{#1}
 \def\Zb{#2}
 \def\AngleA{#3}

 \pgfmathsetmacro{\Rpr}{\Zb*\modu/2}

\pgfmathsetmacro{\Rb}{\Rpr*cos(\AngleA)}
\pgfmathsetmacro{\Rt}{\Rpr+\modu}
\pgfmathsetmacro{\Rp}{\Rpr-1.25*\modu}
\pgfmathsetmacro{\AngleT}{pi/180*acos(\Rb/\Rt)}
\pgfmathsetmacro{\AnglePr}{pi/180*acos(\Rb/\Rpr)}
\pgfmathsetmacro{\demiAngle}{180/\Zb}
\pgfmathsetmacro{\Angledecal}{(\demiAngle-2*\AnglePr)/2}

%   \draw[dashed] (0,0) circle (\Rpr);
%   \draw[red,dashed] (0,0) circle (\Rb);
%     \draw[dashed] (0,0) circle (\Rt);
%            \draw[dashed] (0,0) circle (\Rp);
\foreach \zz in{1,2,...,\Zb}{
         \coordinate(e\zz) at (\zz/\Zb*360+\Angledecal:\Rb);
         \draw[domain=-0:\AngleT,smooth,variable=\t,thick]
plot ({{180/pi*(-\t+tan(180/pi*\t)) +\zz/\Zb*360+\Angledecal}:\Rb/cos(180/pi*\t)})coordinate(d\zz);
         \coordinate(g\zz) at ({(\zz))/\Zb*360-\Angledecal}:\Rb);
         \draw[domain=-0:-\AngleT,smooth,variable=\t,thick]
plot ({{180/pi*(-\t+tan(180/pi*\t)) +(\zz+1)/\Zb*360-\Angledecal}:\Rb/cos(180/pi*\t)})coordinate(f\zz);
\draw[blue] (d\zz) to[bend right=\demiAngle] (f\zz);

\draw[rounded corners=\modu](e\zz)  -- (\zz/\Zb*360+\Angledecal:\Rp) to[bend left=\demiAngle]  (\zz/\Zb*360-\Angledecal:\Rp)  -- (g\zz);
}
}

\begin{document}

\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.2]
\gear{3}{15}{20}
\begin{scope}[xshift=40.5cm,rotate=180/12]
\gear{3}{12}{20}
\end{scope}
\end{tikzpicture}

\end{document}

Script pour/for PGF3

 \newcommand{\gear}[4][]{%
 \def\modu{#2}
 \def\Zb{#3}
 \def\AngleA{#4}

 \pgfmathsetmacro{\Rpr}{\Zb*\modu/2}

\pgfmathsetmacro{\Rb}{\Rpr*cos(\AngleA)}
\pgfmathsetmacro{\Rt}{\Rpr+\modu}
\pgfmathsetmacro{\Rp}{\Rpr-1.25*\modu}
\pgfmathsetmacro{\AngleT}{sqrt(\Rt^2/\Rb^2-1)}

%\pgfmathsetmacro{\AnglePr}{pi/180*acos(\Rb/\Rpr)}
\pgfmathsetmacro{\AnglePr}{180/pi*sqrt(\Rpr^2/\Rb^2-1)}
\pgfmathsetmacro{\demiAngle}{180/\Zb}
\pgfmathsetmacro{\Angledecal}{(\demiAngle+0.075*\AnglePr)/2}%


\def\xxt{\Rb*(cos(\t r)+\t*sin(\t r))}
\def\yyt{\Rb*(sin(\t r) - \t*cos(\t r))}

\foreach \zz in{1,2,...,\Zb}{
         \coordinate(e\zz) at (\zz/\Zb*360+\Angledecal:\Rb);
         \draw[fill](e\zz)circle(0.1);
         \draw[domain=-0:\AngleT,smooth,variable=\t,thick,green,#1]
plot ({atan2(\xxt,\yyt)-90+\zz/\Zb*360+\Angledecal}:{\Rb*sqrt(1+\t^2)}  )coordinate(f\zz);

         \coordinate(g\zz) at ({(\zz+1))/\Zb*360-\Angledecal}:\Rb);
         \draw[domain=-0:\AngleT,smooth,variable=\t,thick,green,#1]
plot ({atan2(\xxt,-\yyt)-90+(\zz)/\Zb*360-\Angledecal}:{\Rb*sqrt(1+\t^2)}  )coordinate(d\zz);

\draw[#1] (f\zz) to[bend left=\demiAngle] (d\zz);

\draw[rounded corners=\modu,#1](e\zz)  -- (\zz/\Zb*360+\Angledecal:\Rp) to[bend right=\demiAngle]  ({(\zz+1)/\Zb*360-\Angledecal}:\Rp)  -- (g\zz);
}
}

\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.15]
\gear[red,ultra thick]{2}{15}{20}
\draw[red,ultra thick] (0,0) coordinate(O1)node[below left]{$O_1$}circle (1);
\draw[thin,red,dashed](O1) circle (15);
\begin{scope}[xshift=27cm,rotate=180/12]
\gear[blue,ultra thick]{2}{12}{20}
\draw[blue,ultra thick] (0,0)coordinate(O2)node[below left]{$O_2$} circle (1);
\draw[thin,blue,dashed](O2) circle (12);
\end{scope}
\draw[thin,black,dashed] (O1) --++(-18,0) --(15,0) coordinate(I) node[below right]{$I$}-- (O2) --++(18,0);
\draw[thin,black,dashed] (O1)--+(0,18)--+(0,-18);
\draw[thin,black,dashed] (O2)--+(0,18)--+(0,-18);
\draw[thin,black] (I) -- +(70:15)--+(-110:15);
\draw[thin,black] (I) --+(70:12)coordinate(aa)-- +(-70:15)--+(110:15);
\draw[thin,black] (I) -- +(-90:15)--+(90:12)coordinate(bb)--+(90:15);
\draw[-latex] (bb) to [bend left=10] node[above]{$\alpha$} (aa);
\draw (d1) -- ++(1,1);
\end{tikzpicture}

enter image description here


It's probably easiest to use \foreach to repeat an exactly calculated path for each tooth. Maybe something like the following (though I don't know how exactly gears have to be shaped to work correctly).

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}

\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
    \def\teeth{10}
    \def\innerRadius{1cm}
    \def\outerRadius{1.3cm}
    \pgfmathsetmacro\angle{360/(2*\teeth)}

    \foreach \i in {1,2,...,\teeth} {
        \draw ({\i*\angle*2}:\innerRadius)
            -- ({(2*\i+0.5)*\angle}:\outerRadius) 
            arc [radius=\outerRadius, start angle={(2*\i+0.5)*\angle}, end angle={(2*\i+.9)*\angle}]
            -- ({(2*\i+1.4)*\angle}:\innerRadius) 
            arc [radius=\innerRadius, start angle={(2*\i+1.4)*\angle}, end angle={(2*\i+2)*\angle}];
    }
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

result

Tags:

Tikz Pgf

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