Explaining the 'self' variable to a beginner

It may help you to think of the obj.method(arg1, arg2) invocation syntax as purely syntactic sugar for calling method(obj, arg1, arg2) (except that method is looked up via obj's type, and isn't global).

If you view it that way, obj is the first argument to the function, which traditionally is named self in the parameter list. (You can, in fact, name it something else, and your code will work correctly, but other Python coders will frown at you.)

I'll try to clear up some confusion about classes and objects for you first. Lets look at this block of code:

>>> class Bank(): # let's create a bank, building ATMs
...    crisis = False
...    def create_atm(self) :
...        while not self.crisis :
...            yield "$100"

The comment there is a bit deceptive. The above code does not "create" a bank. It defines what a bank is. A bank is something which has a property called crisis, and a function create_atm. That's what the above code says.

Now let's actually create a bank:

>>> x = Bank()

There, x is now a bank. x has a property crisis and a function create_atm. Calling x.create_atm(); in python is the same as calling Bank.create_atm(x);, so now self refers to x. If you add another bank called y, calling y.create_atm() will know to look at y's value of crisis, not x's since in that function self refers to y.

self is just a naming convention, but it is very good to stick with it. It's still worth pointing out that the code above is equivalent to:

>>> class Bank(): # let's create a bank, building ATMs
...    crisis = False
...    def create_atm(thisbank) :
...        while not thisbank.crisis :
...            yield "$100"