Is there a way to display icons in QListView without text?

Yes, you can do.

first you create a delegate associated with the list-view.Then,

While inserting the elements to the listview, use set-data function to insert the icon and in the paint event of delegate you handle the drawing icon. i hope its clear.

To expand on the accepted answer, here's the simplest delegate which can optionally hide the text (display role) of items, but otherwise acts like the default delegate. This works with any QAbstractItemView subclass (and QComboBox) and any QAbstractItemModel subclass as well. And is a better solution if one would rather keep the display role non-null for other views (or whatever reason).

class ItemDelegate : public QStyledItemDelegate
{
  public:
    using QStyledItemDelegate::QStyledItemDelegate;

    // simple public member to toggle the display role (create getter/setter if you prefer)
    bool displayRoleEnabled = false;

  protected:
    void initStyleOption(QStyleOptionViewItem *o, const QModelIndex &idx) const override
    {
      QStyledItemDelegate::initStyleOption(o, idx);
      // to hide the display role all we need to do is remove the HasDisplay feature
      if (!displayRoleEnabled)
        o->features &= ~QStyleOptionViewItem::HasDisplay;
    }
};