RecyclerView.ViewHolder - getLayoutPosition vs getAdapterPosition
This is a tricky situation, sorry that docs are not sufficient.
When adapter contents change (and you call notify***()) RecyclerView requests a new layout. From that moment, until layout system decides to calculate a new layout (<16 ms), the layout position and adapter position may not match because layout has not reflected adapter changes yet.
In your use case, since your data is related to your adapter contents (and I assume that data is changed at the same time with adapter changes), you should be using adapterPosition.
Be careful though, if you are calling notifyDataSetChanged(), because it invalidates everything, RecyclerView does not know that ViewHolder's adapter position until next layout is calculated. In that case, getAdapterPosition() will return RecyclerView#NO_POSITION (-1).
But lets say if you've called notifyItemInserted(0), the getAdapterPosition() of ViewHolder which was previously at position 0 will start returning 1 immediately. So as long as you are dispatching granular notify events, you are always in good state (we know adapter position even though new layout is not calculated yet).
Another example, if you are doing something on user click, if getAdapterPosition() returns NO_POSITION, it is best to ignore that click because you don't know what user clicked (unless you have some other mechanism, e.g. stable ids to lookup the item).
Edit For When Layout Position is Good
Lets say you are using LinearLayoutManager and want to access the ViewHolder above the currently clicked item. In that case, you should use layout position to get the item above.
mRecyclerView.findViewHolderForLayoutPosition(myViewHolder.getLayoutPosition() - 1)
You have to use layout position because it matches what user is currently seeing on the screen.
In order to argue the difference(s) of getAdapterPosition(), getLayoutPosition(), and also position; we would notice the cases below:
1.position argument in onBindViewHolder() method:
We can use the position to bind data to the view and it is okay to use position argument to do this, but it is not okay to use position argument to handle user clicks and if you used it you will see a warning tells you "not to treat position as fixed and use holder.getAdapterPosition() instead".
2.getAdapterPosition():
This method always consists the updated adapter’s position of the holder. It means whenever you clicked on an item, you ask the adapter about it’s position. so you will get the latest position of this item in terms of Adapter’s logic.
3.getLayoutPosition():
Sometimes, it is needed to find the position in terms of the updated layout (the last passed layout that the user is seeing now), for example: If the user asks for the third position he can see and you use swipe/dismiss for items or apply any animation or decorations for items it will be better to use getLayoutPosition() instead of getAdapterPosition(), cause you will always be sure that you are dealing with the items’ position in terms of the latest passed layout.
For more information on this; see here . . .