String concatenation with Null

Java uses StringBuilder.append( Object obj ) behind the scenes.

It is not hard to imagine its implementation.

public StringBuilder append( Object obj )
{
   if ( obj == null )
   {
       append( "null" );
   }
   else
   {
       append( obj.toString( ) );
   }

   return this;
}

Because Java converts the expression "A String" + x to something along the lines of "A String" + String.valueOf(x)

In actual fact I think it probably uses StringBuilders, so that:

"A String " + x + " and another " + y

resolves to the more efficient

new StringBuilder("A String ")
    .append(x)
    .append(" and another ")
    .append(y).toString()

This uses the append methods on String builder (for each type), which handle null properly

The code "" + null is converted by the compiler to

new StringBuffer().append("").append(null);

and StringBuffer replaces null with the string "null". So the result is the string "null".