UIKeyCommands don't work when intermediary viewController contains two viewControllers

I do not believe this is a problem with UIKeyCommands

In iOS, only one View Controller at a time may manage key commands. So with your setup, you have a container view controller with a couple child view controllers. You should tell iOS that you would like NiceViewController to have control of key commands.

Defining First Responders

At a high level, in order to support key commands, you not only must create a UIKeyCommand and add it to the view controller, but you must also enable your view controller to become a first responder so that it is able to respond to the key commands.

First, in any view controller that you would like to use key commands for, you should let iOS know that that controller is able to become a first responder:

override func canBecomeFirstResponder() -> Bool {
    // some conditional logic if you wish
    return true
}

Next, you need to make sure the VC actually does become the first responder. If any VCs contain some sort of text fields that become responders (or something similar), that VC will probably become the first responder on its own, but you can always call becomeFirstResponder() on NiceViewController to make it become the first responder and, among other things, respond to key commands.

Please see the docs for UIKeyCommand:

The system always has the first opportunity to handle key commands. Key commands that map to known system events (such as cut, copy and paste) are automatically routed to the appropriate responder methods. For other key commands, UIKit looks for an object in the responder chain with a key command object that matches the pressed keys. If it finds such an object, it then walks the responder chain looking for the first object that implements the corresponding action method and calls the first one it finds.

Note: While someone is interacting with the other VC and it is the first responder, NiceViewController cannot be the first responder at the same time, so you might want some key commands on the other VC as well.

Why this isn't always necessary

When only one VC is presented, iOS appears to assume that it will be the first responder, but when you have a container VC, iOS seems to treat the container as the first responder unless there is a child that says it is able to become the first responder.

Following @Matthew explanation solution is adding becomeFirstResponder() request; in viewDidAppear instead of viewDidLoad resolve my similar problem. Swift4

override func viewDidAppear(_ animated: Bool) {
    super.viewDidAppear(animated)
    becomeFirstResponder()
    print("becomeFirstResponder?: \(isFirstResponder)")
}