Visual Studio: Git Team Explorer does not show any changes

I found VS was holding an .opendb file open, causing a permissions clash when searching for changes. It reported the precise file that was causing the trouble in the Output window, under "Source Control - Git". Adding this to my .gitignore fixed the issue. If a VS restart or a reboot fixes the issue then you're probably closing the offending file handle -- in my case VS opened the problem file every time.

See also Visual Studio TFS Git not seeing any changes for more potential causes.

Rebooting my machine fixed it for me. Rebooting Visual Studio wasn't enough, but after rebooting the entire system the changes are now shown in Team Explorer.