Windows 7 thinks that the UTC+1 Amsterdam time zone is really an UTC+10 time zone

You probably haven't told your Windows PC what part of the world you're in. Without that information it can't offset the "Internet time" to the correct value.

• Right-click the clock in the bottom right-hand corner
• Choose the menu option "Adjust date/time"
• Click the button [Change time zone...]
• Choose the correct capital city of other significant town for the region that you are in
• If your region uses Daylight Saving Time (i.e. the time changes by an hour twice a year), tick that box too

Since your PC is being told its clock is 9 hours behind, likely candidates for your local region are Tokyo, Seoul or Yakutsk. Alternatively, if I've misunderstood your explanation of which way the clock is wrong, you might be in Alaska.

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Based our investigations it seems that your Amsterdam entry in the timezone database may be corrupted. This article from the Microsoft Technet gives a little explanation of the Timezone database in the registry. Looking at HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Time Zones I can find an entry for W. Europe Standard Time that corresponds to the Amsterdam timezone. Here are entries from a Windows 7 PC that appear to work correctly:

Display     REG_SZ     (UTC+01:00) Amsterdam, Berlin, Bern, Rome, Stockholm, Vienna
Dlt         REG_SZ     W. Europe Daylight Time
MUI_Display REG_SZ     @tzred.dll,-320
MUI_Dlt     REG_SZ     @tzres.dll,-321
MUI_Std     REG_SZ     @tzres.dll,-322
Std         REG_SZ     W. Europe Standard Time
TZI         REG_BINARY C4 FF FF FF 00 00 00 00 C4 FF FF FF 00 00 0A 00 00 00 05 00 03 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 03 00 00 00 05 00 02 00 00 00 00 00 00 00