Connect LinqPad to WCF webservice with ?wsdl URI query
Check out the following:
https://github.com/dylanmei/linqpad-soap-driver
It's a third-party LINQPad driver for SOAP-based web services.
It looks like I misinterpreted the scope of LINQPad's "Add connection" feature. It's for WCF Data Services only (which implement the OData specification), not for WCF web services in general. (The difference between WCF services in general and WCF Data Services specifically wasn't previously clear to me).
The services I'm trying to connect to are WCF web services, but aren't WCF Data Service web services. It turns out that the correct way for me to consume those web services from LINQPad is to generate a proxy class code & configuration file using svcutil.exe, which can then be compiled through VS or csc.exe, and the resulting assembly is then added as a standard assembly reference in LINQPad. The proxy classes can then be used in LINQPad the same way that they are used in Visual Studio.