How can I check if an argument is defined when starting/calling a batch file?

The check for whether a commandline argument has been set can be [%1]==[], but, as Dave Costa points out, "%1"=="" will also work.

I also fixed a syntax error in the usage echo to escape the greater-than and less-than signs. In addition, the exit needs a /B argument otherwise CMD.exe will quit.

@echo off

if [%1]==[] goto usage
@echo This should not execute
@echo Done.
goto :eof
:usage
@echo Usage: %0 ^<EnvironmentName^>
exit /B 1

A more-advanced example:

⍟ unlimited arguments.

⍟ exist on file system (either file or directory?) or a generic string.

⍟ specify if is a file

⍟ specify is a directory

⍟ no extensions, would work in legacy scripts!

⍟ minimal code ☺

@echo off

:loop
      ::-------------------------- has argument ?
      if ["%~1"]==[""] (
        echo done.
        goto end
      )
      ::-------------------------- argument exist ?
      if not exist %~s1 (
        echo not exist
      ) else (
        echo exist
        if exist %~s1\NUL (
          echo is a directory
        ) else (
          echo is a file
        )
      )
      ::--------------------------
      shift
      goto loop
      
      
:end

pause

✨ other stuff..✨

■ in %~1 - the ~ removes any wrapping " or '.

■ in %~s1 - the s makes the path be DOS 8.3 naming, which is a nice trick to avoid spaces in file-name while checking stuff (and this way no need to wrap the resource with more "s.

■ the ["%~1"]==[""] "can not be sure" if the argument is a file/directory or just a generic string yet, so instead the expression uses brackets and the original unmodified %1 (just without the " wrapping, if any..)

if there were no arguments of if we've used shift and the arg-list pointer has passed the last one, the expression will be evaluated to [""]==[""].

■ this is as much specific you can be without using more tricks (it would work even in windows-95's batch-scripts...)

■ execution examples

save it as identifier.cmd

it can identify an unlimited arguments (normally you are limited to %1-%9), just remember to wrap the arguments with inverted-commas, or use 8.3 naming, or drag&drop them over (it automatically does either of above).

---

this allows you to run the following commands:

⓵identifier.cmd c:\windows and to get

exist
is a directory
done

---

⓶identifier.cmd "c:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Office\OFFICE11\WINWORD.EXE" and to get

exist
is a file
done

---

⓷ and multiple arguments _{(of course this is the whole-deal..)}

identifier.cmd c:\windows\system32 c:\hiberfil.sys "c:\pagefile.sys" hello-world

and to get

exist
is a directory
exist
is a file
exist
is a file
not exist
done.

naturally it can be a lot more complex, but nice examples should always be simple and minimal. :)

Hope it helps anyone :)

_{published here:CMD Ninja - Unlimited Arguments Processing, Identifying If Exist In File-System, Identifying If File Or Directory}

_{and here is a working example that takes any amount of APK files (Android apps) and installs them on your device via debug-console (ADB.exe): Make The Previous Post A Mass APK Installer That Does Not Uses ADB Install-Multi Syntax}