Is it possible to disable editing for certain layers in a QGIS project?

It is possible to make a layer not editable in a specific project.

Open Project properties > Data sources and check the option Read Only for the layers that you want to make not editable.

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You can also use one line python script. Select a layer and run the script:

iface.activeLayer().setReadOnly(True)

According to the documentation, if the layer is in editing, it returns False.

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