SGS-3 bug related to SMS conversations list?
In the end I've figured how to overcome aforementioned issue (I am not sure that it's bug, but anyway it looks like a bug).
List of conversations can be retrieved through this query:
Uri.parse("content://mms-sms/conversations?simple=true");
Cursor cursor = context.getApplicationContext().getContentResolver().query(uri, null, null, null, null);
Keypoint here's URI content://mms-sms/conversations?simple=true
.